🧪 Undiscovered Units

The following units have not yet been formally defined in the system. These are theoretical or speculative and could inspire future scientific discovery.

Ampere Squared (ampere_squared)

Formula:
Category: Electric

Ampere Squared (A²) represents the square of electric current. It arises in any phenomenon where effects scale with the current squared, providing a natural measure for quadratic current-dependent processes. Dimension: I².

Ampere Squared (A²) represents the square of electric current. Just as a square meter (m²) measures a two-dimensional area rather than a mere length, Ampere Squared captures a ā€œcurrent areaā€ — it quantifies how effects grow when current flows through a system in two intertwined directions. Though still abstract, this makes A² the natural unit for any phenomenon that scales with the current squared, revealing deeper insights into quadratic current-dependent processes. Dimension: I².

Ampere Squared (A²) represents the square of electric current. Ampere Squared captures a ā€œcurrent areaā€ — it quantifies how effects grow when current interacts with itself in a quadratic fashion. Although still abstract and marked as undiscovered, investigating A² could unlock new insights into:

  • Nonlinear Electrodynamics: Where field responses don’t scale linearly with I.
  • Advanced Energy Storage: Potential relationships in superconducting or high-field systems.
  • Precision Loss Modelling: Refining heat-generation and magnetic-field predictions at extremes.
  • Fundamental Theory: Testing whether hidden quadratic current terms appear in novel physical laws.

By treating A² as more than mere notation, researchers can hypothesize new phenomena where current self-interaction dominates. Dimension: I².

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Ampere Squared Second to the Fifth (ampere_squared_s5)

Formula: A^2 * s^5
Category: Electric

Ampere Squared Second to the Fifth Power (A²·s⁵) combines the quadratic dependence on current with a high-order temporal weighting. While A² captures ā€œcurrent area,ā€ multiplying by s⁵ stretches that interaction over long time scales, making it sensitive to fifth-order memory and transient effects. Undiscovered in conventional unit systems, A²·s⁵ invites exploration of phenomena where both the magnitude of current and its deep temporal history play a role. Investigating this unit could uncover:

  • High-Order Current Memory Effects: Nonlinear feedback in circuits with long-term inductive or capacitive ā€œmemory.ā€
  • Fifth-Moment Noise Analysis: Characterizing rare, large fluctuations in current over extended durations.
  • Temporal Scaling Laws: Discovering new power-law behaviors in electromagnetic transients and relaxation processes.
  • Advanced Signal Processing Metrics: Defining novel features in time-series analysis of electrical signals.

Dimension: I²·T⁵.

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Burston (burston)

Formula: N × Tx = kg·m³/s5
Category: Mechanic

Burston (burston)

Formula: N Ɨ Tx = kgĀ·m³/s⁵

Category: Mechanic

The Burston, symbolized as B, is a proposed hypothetical unit that combines elements of mechanical force and high-order energy flux. It is defined as the product of a newton (N) — the SI unit of force — and an advanced, speculative unit called Thrux (Tx), yielding dimensions of kgĀ·m³/s⁵.

In this formulation, the Burston captures what may be described as the "flux of force" — a higher-dimensional construct that extends beyond conventional mechanical descriptions. Just as a watt represents the rate of energy transfer (joules per second), the Burston characterizes how force propagates through space and time, weighted by cubic distance and inverse fifth-power time dependence.

Although still theoretical, the Burston serves as a candidate for describing multi-scale phenomena where traditional stress, strain, and energy flux fail to provide adequate modeling power. Its dimensional form, MĀ·L³·T⁻⁵, suggests a hybrid between mechanical influence and dynamic spatial flow — ideal for systems where motion, geometry, and time-dependent force interactions are intricately coupled.

Conceptual Significance and Physical Interpretation

The Burston may be thought of as a scalar or tensorial quantity representing the rate at which force itself is distributed or transmitted through a volumetric region over time. This could include:

  • Force evolution under volumetric constraint — how forces intensify or diffuse through 3D space.
  • Stress wavefront acceleration — beyond just how fast energy moves, to how force patterns evolve in time and space.
  • Coupling of mechanical and thermal or electromagnetic fields — particularly where time gradients are high.

Unlike conventional units, the Burston is not about how much energy is transferred, but how force-driven influences unfold spatiotemporally — with magnitude, direction, rate, and spatial spread all potentially captured within a single unifying measure.

Hypothetical Applications of the Burston

  • Complex Flow Mechanics: Modeling momentum transfer in turbulent or non-Newtonian fluids with dynamic force-geometry coupling.
  • Viscoelastic and Metamaterial Dynamics: Capturing non-linear stress propagation in engineered or living materials.
  • Plasma Force–Flux Coupling: Quantifying how magnetic and electric forces co-propagate with energy in high-temperature plasmas.
  • High-Frequency Mechanical Systems: Scaling resonator performance where force transmission and oscillatory energy are deeply intertwined.
  • Dynamic Fracture and Crack Propagation: Modeling rapid rupture mechanics by incorporating both instantaneous force and energy input at the crack tip.
  • Nanoscale Machinery and MEMS/NEMS: Where geometry, timing, and microscopic force delivery all affect operation at quantum-classical boundaries.
  • Thermoelastic Coupling: Modeling interactions between mechanical flux and heat flux in rapidly cycling solids beyond classical theory.
  • Astrophysical Shock Systems: Quantifying force-energy interplay in supernovae, accretion disks, and stellar winds under extreme gradients.

In each case, the Burston could serve as a novel scalar or vector field quantity to unify metrics of force transmission, spatial flow, and energy conversion within extreme or emergent regimes.

Mathematical and Dimensional Framework

  • Dimensional Formula: [MĀ·L³·T⁻⁵] or kgĀ·m³/s⁵
  • Base Definition: 1 B = 1 N Ɨ 1 Tx
  • Intermediary Units: Newton (N) = kgĀ·m/s², Thrux (Tx) = m²/s³ (hypothetical flux unit)
  • Analogy: As watts (W = J/s) measure energy flux, Burston may represent force-flux.

The mathematical abstraction of B allows exploration of new derivative terms in the governing equations of continuum mechanics, generalizing Navier–Stokes or wave propagation models to include additional ā€œforce transportā€ effects.

Potential Impact and Research Directions

  • Constitutive Modeling: Add Burston-related terms to material models to explore higher-order stress responses.
  • Unified Energy–Force Frameworks: Seek connections between mechanical power, impulse, and spatial dynamics in energetic systems.
  • Continuum Mechanics Extensions: Introduce B as a term in extended fluid or solid tensors, capturing non-classical momentum and stress behavior.
  • Multiscale Theory Development: Link macroscale forces to microscale dynamics in complex media, especially under fast or fractal-like transitions.

Exploring Burston may reveal hidden structure in how force and energy co-evolve across time and space — leading to entirely new physical laws or engineering paradigms.

Conclusion

Though currently hypothetical, the Burston (B) presents a compelling conceptual advance — a bridge between traditional force-based mechanics and the dynamic, volumetric evolution of influence through time. By modeling the flux of force across spatial and temporal dimensions, it could unlock new tools for exploring extremes of motion, energy transport, and structural interaction. Its adoption would mark a significant step toward a richer, more geometrically and temporally integrated understanding of the physical universe.

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Elementary Charge Squared (e²) (elementary_charge_squared)

Formula: coulomb·coulomb
Category: Quantum

Elementary Charge Squared (e²) represents the square of the fundamental unit of electric charge (e ā‰ˆ 1.602 Ɨ 10⁻¹⁹ C). It quantifies how electrostatic and quantum processes scale with the discrete charge at the deepest level, appearing wherever two-charge interactions or quadratic charge terms dominate.

  • Coulomb Potential Energy: Energy between two point charges scales as E āˆ e²/(4πε₀ r).
  • Fine-Structure Constant: Electromagnetic coupling strength given by α = e²/(4πε₀ ħ c).
  • Quantum Electrodynamics: Higher-order Feynman amplitudes involve powers of e².
  • Nanoscale Charge Fluctuations: Governs variance in single-electron devices and quantum dots.

Dimension: Q².

Additional Applications of e²

  • Debye Screening in Plasmas: Characterizing how charge interactions are screened over the Debye length Ī»D āˆ √(ε₀·kBĀ·T / (nĀ·e²)).
  • Coulomb Blockade Thresholds: Defining the energy scale for single-electron tunneling in quantum dots: EC = e²/(2C).
  • Exciton Binding in Semiconductors: Modeling exciton energies where Eb āˆ μ·e⁓/(ε²·ħ²), and e² governs electron–hole coupling.
  • Dielectric Breakdown Estimates: Scaling critical electric fields in insulators via charge-injection models driven by e².
  • Spectral Line Shifts and Intensities: In atomic and molecular spectroscopy, interaction Hamiltonians include V āˆ e²/r terms that determine line positions and strengths.
  • Thomson Scattering Cross-Section: Modeling radiation–matter coupling in astrophysical plasmas: σT āˆ e⁓/(6πε₀²·me²·c⁓).
  • Nanoscale Capacitance Design: Engineering ultra-small capacitors where charge quantization effects scale with e².
  • Quantum Hall Effect Plateaus: Relating quantized conductance steps to e²/h fundamental units.

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Entropic Inertial Gradient (entropic_inertial_gradient)

Formula: kg²·m³/s4·K
Category: Thermal

Entropic Inertial Gradient (EIG) fuses squared mass inertia with spatial extent and thermal entropy, yielding dimensions of kg²·m³/s⁓·K. It quantifies how inertia-driven processes respond to entropy gradients over space and time, suggesting a ā€œthermal‐mechanical gradientā€ that spans both energy flow and material resistance. Marked as undiscovered, EIG could unlock new principles where entropy and inertia intertwine, such as:

  • Thermoelastic Damping Analysis: Refining models of how heat flow attenuates vibrations in high-Q resonators.
  • Entropy‐Driven Inertial Forces: Investigating whether spatial entropy gradients can generate net mechanical thrust or bias in micro-scale systems.
  • Thermal Noise Coupling: Characterizing how temperature fluctuations translate into inertial motion in precision instruments.
  • Nanoscale Heat Engine Metrics: Defining performance metrics for engines where work extraction depends on both mass inertia and entropy gradients.

Dimension: M²·L³·T⁻⁓·Θ⁻¹ (kg²·m³/s⁓·K).

Entropic Inertial Gradient (EIG) describes how squared‐mass inertia couples to spatial entropy variations and temporal dynamics, with dimensions kg²·m³/s⁓·K. Beyond its core definition, one can predict several deeper implications:

  • Entropy‐Powered Micro‐Thrusters: In microscale devices, engineered entropy gradients (e.g., via laser‐induced heating patterns) could produce directed inertial forces proportional to EIG, enabling contactless actuation.
  • Feedback in Thermo‐Mechanical Oscillators: Systems with high Q‐factors may exhibit self‐modulated damping or amplification when entropy gradients oscillate, leading to new limit‐cycle behaviors.
  • Materials with Tunable ā€œThermal Inertiaā€: By embedding graded thermal‐conductivity phases, one could tailor EIG locally to control how materials resist rapid thermal shocks.
  • Astrophysical Heat‐Inertia Phenomena: In accretion disks or stellar interiors, steep entropy gradients and enormous mass densities could generate inertial drifts or angular momentum transfer effects governed by EIG.
  • Extension of Onsager Reciprocity: EIG suggests new cross‐coefficients in non‐equilibrium thermodynamics, linking entropy fluxes to inertial flows and potentially revealing hidden symmetry relations.
  • Critical‐Point Mechanical Anomalies: Near phase transitions, diverging heat capacities and mass densities can produce spikes in EIG, predicting anomalous mechanical responses such as super‐damping or negative stiffness.

By investigating these predictions, researchers may discover novel propulsion schemes, advanced damping materials, and enriched theoretical frameworks that blend entropy and inertia at fundamental levels.

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Kelvin-Second4 (kelvin_s4)

Formula: kelvin·s_quad
Category: Thermal

Kelvin-Second⁓ (KĀ·s⁓) couples absolute temperature with a fourth-power temporal weighting, yielding dimensions of Θ·T⁓. While kelvin (K) measures thermal state and seconds (s) measure time, multiplying by s⁓ emphasizes deep ā€œthermal memoryā€ and high-order transient effects. As an undiscovered unit, KĀ·s⁓ invites exploration of phenomena where slow, cumulative temperature changes dominate:

  • Quartic Thermal Relaxation: Systems whose return to equilibrium follows fourth-order time laws, beyond classic exponential decay.
  • Long-Term Heat Diffusion Memory: Materials with internal structures that ā€œrememberā€ temperature histories over extended periods, affecting current conductivity.
  • High-Order Thermoacoustic Effects: Acoustic waves driven by slow modulations in temperature gradients, where KĀ·s⁓ governs coupling strength.
  • Thermal Metamaterial Design: Engineering composites whose effective thermal responses depend on the fourth moment of past heating cycles.
  • Non-Equilibrium Phase Dynamics: Near-critical systems where heat capacity diverges, producing quartic-time mechanical or optical anomalies.

By treating K·s⁓ as a meaningful measure of deep thermal time-scales, researchers can hypothesize new materials, devices, and theoretical frameworks that harness long-term temperature memory effects.

Dimension: Θ·T⁓ (K·s⁓).

Kelvin-Second⁓ (K·s⁓) weights absolute temperature by the fourth power of time (Θ·T⁓), suggesting a measure of how deeply cumulative heating shapes processes over extended durations. New avenues to explore include:

  • Permafrost and Cryosphere Modeling: Capturing how multi-year temperature oscillations drive freeze–thaw dynamics and subsurface stability.
  • Battery Degradation Kinetics: Forecasting capacity fade by quantifying fourth-order thermal stresses on electrode materials over charge/discharge cycles.
  • Thermal Historiography in Meteorites: Estimating extraterrestrial cooling rates by correlating mineral phase transformations to quartic-time temperature exposures.
  • Time-Coded Thermal Computing: Designing logic elements whose state retention depends on precisely timed temperature pulses spanning long intervals.
  • Phase-Change Material Cycling: Optimizing latent-heat storage by accounting for fourth-moment temperature effects on crystallization and melting dynamics.
  • High-Altitude Atmospheric Transport: Quantifying how prolonged stratospheric temperature anomalies influence dispersion of aerosols and greenhouse gases.
  • Archeological Thermochronology: Refining dating techniques that use time-weighted thermal histories to interpret degradation of organic artifacts.
  • Slow-Release Thermal Barrier Coatings: Developing insulators whose protective performance evolves according to fourth-power time dependence under extreme conditions.

Treating KĀ·s⁓ as a meaningful metric of ā€œdeep thermal timeā€ could unlock breakthroughs in climate science, energy storage longevity, geochronology, and novel thermal-logic devices.

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Kilogram Squared Meter Cubed (kgm3)

Formula: kg²·m³
Category: Theoretical

Kilogram Squared Meter Cubed (kg²·m³) combines a quadratic mass term with volumetric extent, yielding dimensions of M²·L³. Analogous to how mass density (kg/m³) links mass and volume linearly, kg²·m³ amplifies that relationship, emphasizing regions where mass accumulates in a nonlinear, volume-weighted fashion. Marked as theoretical, exploring kg²·m³ could reveal new mass–geometry couplings, such as:

  • Second-Order Gravitational Self-Energy: Quantifying how mass distributions influence their own gravitational binding beyond linear approximations.
  • Nonlinear Inertia Fields: Describing how clustered masses generate emergent inertial effects dependent on both squared mass and spatial extent.
  • Mass Moment Density Gradients: Modeling material inhomogeneities where local mass density fluctuations have volume-weighted nonlinear impacts on stress and wave propagation.
  • Hypothetical Mass–Geometry Couplings: Testing extensions of general relativity that include higher-order mass–metric interaction terms in the field equations.
  • Dark Matter Phenomenology: Probing whether unseen mass concentrations could produce effective forces or potentials scaling with kg²·m³ in galactic halos.

By treating kg²·m³ as more than notation, researchers can hypothesize new mass-driven effects in cosmology, condensed-matter physics, and advanced continuum theories.

Dimension: M²·L³ (kg²·m³).

Kilogram Squared Meter Cubed (kg²·m³) can also be viewed as a measure of how mass concentration amplifies physical effects when aggregated nonlinearly across a volume. Beyond gravitational self-interaction, kg²·m³ may serve as a key parameter in:

  • Granular Rheology Amplification: Capturing how pressure and flow resistance in dense particle suspensions scale with the square of local mass concentration per volume.
  • Plasma Filament Stability: Weighting density fluctuations in high-temperature fusion plasmas, where non-uniform mass clustering influences confinement and turbulence.
  • Metamaterial Mass Indexing: Designing composite architectures whose effective stiffness or damping scales with the squared mass of embedded inclusions per unit cell.
  • Biomechanical Scaffold Growth: Quantifying nonlinear reinforcement in tissue engineering scaffolds as cells deposit mass in a volumetric matrix.
  • Topographic Mass Mapping: Developing landscape analysis metrics that weight terrain features by the square of sediment or rock mass per region, highlighting areas of potential erosion or collapse.
  • High-Energy Collision Kernels: Characterizing clustering phenomena in heavy-ion collisions, where local mass densities squared determine particle production rates.

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Kram (kram)

Formula: kilogram / second_squared
Category: Mechanic

Kram (kg·m/s³)

Kram is a proposed derived unit representing the rate of force application over time. It is dimensionally defined as kilogram Ɨ meter / second³ or simply kgĀ·m/s³.

Formula

Kram = Newton / second = (kg·m/s²) / s = kg·m/s³

Description

Kram quantifies how quickly a force is applied or removed. It corresponds to the time derivative of force and can be interpreted as a measure of impulse flow rate. In classical mechanics, this quantity is often ignored or unnamed, though it plays a critical role in systems where jerk (the derivative of acceleration) affects structural or control dynamics.

Prediction & Potential Uses

  • Essential in analyzing sudden impacts, vibrations, or load changes.
  • Useful in designing advanced dampening systems or smart materials that respond to dynamic force variations.
  • Relevant in robotic actuation and motion control where precise force timing is critical.
  • May play a role in AI-driven physics engines that model realistic feedback in mechanical systems.

Unit Relationships

Kram Ɨ second = Newton
Kram Ɨ time = Force
(kgĀ·m/s³) Ɨ s = kgĀ·m/s²

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Magneto-Velocity (magneto_velocity)

Formula: meter·ampere
Category: Theoretical

Magneto-Velocity

Symbol: vmag

Formula: mĀ·A (meterĀ·ampere)

Category: Theoretical

Magneto-Velocity is a theoretical composite unit with dimensions of meter multiplied by ampere (mĀ·A). It represents the conceptual fusion of linear motion and electric current, offering a unique scalar measure of spatial electric activity. Although not part of the standard SI unit repertoire, it emerges in advanced formulations of field-matter interaction where movement and charge coexist as entangled phenomena.

At its core, Magneto-Velocity can be interpreted as a spatially extended current — a measure of how far a unit of electric current is ā€œcarriedā€ or ā€œspreadā€ through space. Alternatively, it can be understood as the product of a physical path length and the magnitude of current flowing through that path, offering a primitive basis for understanding current-induced motion, or motion-enabled current propagation.

In electromechanical systems, this unit becomes particularly meaningful in contexts where current is directly tied to mechanical displacement — such as in actuators, motor windings, or current-carrying robotic limbs. The unit offers a hybrid language to describe systems where electricity flows as a function of geometric motion or where electric circuits are themselves dynamic in space.

In more advanced or speculative theoretical physics, Magneto-Velocity could be used in modeling:

  • Current-Driven Kinematics: Linking charge flow and motion in deformable circuits, moving conductors, or biologically-inspired systems like ion channels and cytoskeletal filaments.
  • Spatiotemporal Charge Transfer: Describing how charge motion evolves across extended fields or membranes over time and distance.
  • Magnetomechanical Interactions: Where force is not simply a product of current and field, but involves geometric displacement integrated with active current flow.
  • Quantum Transport Theories: Suggesting new variables in field-coupled transport phenomena, especially in topologically complex or non-Euclidean conductors.

From a dimensional perspective, Magneto-Velocity has units that combine mechanics (meters) and electricity (amperes), bridging two traditionally distinct realms. It may find practical use in simulation software that combines robotic motion planning with circuit simulation, where cables, tracks, or circuits move, deform, or extend as functions of electric load.

Magneto-Velocity may also serve as an analytical placeholder in constructing hybrid tensors, such as those involving the coupling of charge flow with metric tensors in space, allowing future physics to more tightly bind electromagnetism with geometry.

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Masspread (masspread)

Formula: kg·m²
Category: Mass Distribution

Masspread (kg·m²)

Masspread is a proposed derived unit representing the distribution of mass across area. It is expressed dimensionally as kilogram Ɨ meter², or simply kgĀ·m².

Formula

Masspread = Mass Ɨ Area = kg Ɨ m²

Description

Masspread quantifies how mass is "spread out" over a two-dimensional space, similar in spirit to how moment of inertia or area density is treated in physics and engineering, though not identical. It offers a conceptual bridge between scalar mass and spatial extent, useful when modeling dynamic systems where mass distribution plays a role—such as structural stability, vibration modes, and energetic influence across surfaces.

Prediction & Potential Uses

  • Useful in visualizing dynamic mass mapping systems in simulations and materials science.
  • Potentially applicable to AI physics engines to model distributed physical properties.
  • Could play a role in novel mechanical system analysis where both mass and area scale together, such as flexible robotics or meta-materials.
  • Forms a base for further compound units, e.g. Masspread Ɨ Thrux leads to Watt, implying energy per time via spatial mass flow.

Unit Relationships

Masspread Ɨ Thrux = Watt
(kgĀ·m²) Ɨ (m²/s³) = kgĀ·m⁓/s³ = W

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Resistive Impulse Sink (resistive_impulse_sink)

Formula: kg²·m³/s5·A²
Category: Electromechanical

Resistive Impulse Sink (RIS) couples high-order mechanical impulse flux with quadratic electrical resistance, yielding dimensions of kg²·m³/s⁵·A². It quantifies how rapid changes in force (jerk‐scaled impulse) are dissipated through resistive pathways, effectively measuring the ā€œsinkā€ strength for electromechanical shocks. As an undiscovered electromechanical unit, RIS opens avenues to understand and design systems where mechanical transients convert directly into resistive losses or electrical signals.

  • Impulse‐Driven Joule Heating: Predicting heat generation when a sudden load is routed through resistive elements in power electronics.
  • Electromagnetic Shock Absorption: Quantifying performance of magnetic dampers and eddy-current brakes that convert force impulses into electrical dissipation.
  • Piezoelectric Harvesting Metrics: Modeling how mechanical shocks excite piezo elements and dissipate via internal electrical resistance.
  • Transient Surge Protection: Characterizing how fast voltage or current surges (impulsive loads) are absorbed by resistor networks.
  • Micro‐Scale Vibration Dampers: Designing MEMS/NEMS devices where nanoscale mechanical pulses are shunted through resistive thin films.
  • Jerk‐to‐Voltage Conversion Models: Theorizing direct proportionality between force-rate impulses and instantaneous voltage spikes in novel sensor materials.

Dimension: M²·L³·T⁻⁵·I² (kg²·m³/s⁵·A²).

Resistive Impulse Sink (RIS) characterizes the coupling between rapid mechanical impulses and electrical resistance, with dimensions kg²·m³/s⁵·A². Viewing RIS as a measure of electromechanical shock absorption reveals new perspectives:

  • High‐Speed Actuator Protection: Estimating how quickly surges in actuator force are damped by integrated resistive elements to prevent damage.
  • Electro‐Mechanical Sensor Bandwidth: Defining the limit frequency at which force‐rate signals can be faithfully transduced into electrical responses without aliasing or loss.
  • Capacitive‐Resistive Impulse Filtering: Designing R-C networks tuned by RIS to selectively absorb or transmit mechanical shock profiles.
  • Smart Structural Health Interfaces: Embedding resistive‐impulse sinks into materials to monitor and dissipate micro‐fracture events as detectable electrical signatures.
  • Transient Thermal Management: Predicting how impulse‐induced resistive heating patterns evolve in conductors under pulsed loads.
  • Electro‐Hydraulic Hybrid Systems: Modeling how hydraulic shocks convert to electrical dissipation in combined fluid‐electronic actuators.
  • Neuromorphic Mechanical Computing: Exploring RIS‐based synapse analogues where mechanical spikes map to resistive voltage pulses for unconventional computing.

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Rotational Kinetic Energy (rotational_kinetic_energy)

Formula: moment_of_inertia * angular_velocity^2
Category: Mechanic

Rotational Kinetic Energy (Rotational_Kinetic_Energy)

Rotational Kinetic Energy is the energy possessed by a rotating object as a result of its angular motion. It is the rotational analog to linear kinetic energy and arises from the object's mass distribution and angular velocity.

Formula

Erot = ½ Ā· I Ā· ω²
where:

  • I is the moment of inertia (in kgĀ·m²), which quantifies how the object's mass is distributed relative to the axis of rotation.
  • ω is the angular velocity (in radians per second).

Dimensional Formula

kgĀ·m²/s² — identical to linear kinetic energy, since both are forms of mechanical energy.

Key Characteristics

  • Dependent on Geometry: The value of I depends on both the shape of the object and the axis about which it rotates. For instance, a solid sphere and a hollow cylinder of the same mass and radius have different moments of inertia.
  • Energy Storage: Systems like flywheels and turbines store energy in the form of rotational kinetic energy, which can be later retrieved or transformed.
  • Conservation Principle: In the absence of external torques, rotational kinetic energy is conserved, and plays a central role in angular momentum conservation laws.
  • Work-Energy Relationship: When a torque is applied to a rigid body, work is done, increasing the rotational kinetic energy proportionally to the square of angular velocity.

Applications

  • Used in mechanical and aerospace engineering to evaluate rotating machinery such as motors, propellers, rotors, and gyroscopes.
  • Fundamental in analyzing dynamics of celestial bodies like planets, stars, and accretion disks.
  • Essential in biomechanics to understand human and animal joint movements during rotational motion (e.g., swinging arms or legs).

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Second to the Fifth (s_fifth)

Formula: s²·s³
Category: Theoretical

Second to the Fifth (s⁵)

Second to the Fifth (s⁵) is a theoretical composite unit representing the fifth power of time. While rarely encountered in classical physics, it becomes meaningful in advanced dimensional analysis, particularly in systems involving multiple levels of time derivatives or in higher-order theoretical models of motion, force, and energy propagation.

Formula

s⁵ = s² Ā· s³ = time² Ɨ time³

Conceptual Meaning

Time raised to the fifth power appears in extremely specialized contexts, typically as part of high-order differential equations or in speculative frameworks attempting to explore more nuanced behaviors in temporal evolution. It corresponds to the temporal structure of fifth-order integrals or derivatives in motion.

Applications in Theory

  • Higher-Order Kinematics: As a building block for expressing sixth or seventh derivatives of position (such as "Pop" or "Lock"), s⁵ supports descriptions of exotic time-rate dynamics.
  • Dimensional Checks: Used in validating the balance of units in expanded or abstract physics models, especially when modeling deeply nested dynamical systems.
  • Theoretical Constructs: In speculative physics or system modeling (e.g., Fundamap-style unit spaces), s⁵ serves as a way to represent deeper temporal structure beyond acceleration, jerk, snap, etc.

Although not observed directly in nature as a standalone measurement, Second to the Fifth offers a valuable symbolic and structural role in the expansion of unit systems and abstract dimensional logic.

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Second to the Fourth (s_quad)

Formula: s²·s²
Category: Theoretical

Second to the Fourth (s⁓)

Second to the Fourth (s⁓) is a higher-order time unit representing the fourth power of the SI base unit of time, the second. It arises in advanced dimensional analysis, particularly within theoretical and abstract physical modeling where higher-order temporal dependencies are tracked. This unit is formed by multiplying two second-squared terms: s² Ɨ s² = s⁓.

Dimensional Role

In standard physics, time is typically raised to the first or second power in kinematic and dynamic equations (e.g., velocity, acceleration). However, in extended systems—such as those involving jerk (third derivative), snap (fourth derivative), or in tensorial representations—s⁓ naturally appears. It provides dimensional closure in formulations where energy, motion, and force are derived over multiple stages of differentiation.

Applications in Theoretical Constructs

While not commonly encountered in day-to-day engineering, s⁓ plays a vital role in:

  • Snap (4th derivative of position): Equations involving the rate of change of jerk.
  • Higher-order mechanical systems: Control system theory, robotic motion profiling, and vibrational systems with temporal hysteresis.
  • Cosmological models: Temporal curvature expressions that stretch beyond general relativity.
  • Quantum mechanics & string theory: Theoretical frameworks involving time-dependent field strength alterations.

Mathematical Significance

As a purely temporal unit, s⁓ enables the tracking of abstract rate changes over extended durations. It provides fine-grained temporal resolution in simulations and symbolic modeling platforms that operate across many orders of magnitude in time scales.

Though rarely encountered in mainstream formulas, the Second to the Fourth remains an essential part of complete dimensional mapping—bridging the gap between intuitive motion and deep, recursive time dynamics.

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Second²-Mole (s2mol)

Formula: s²·mol
Category: Chemical

Second²-Mole (s²·mol)

Second²-Mole is a non-standard composite unit that combines the square of time (second²) with the amount of substance (mole), represented dimensionally as s²·mol. While not commonly encountered in classical formulations, this unit emerges in niche chemical, physical, and mathematical models where reactions, diffusion, or accumulations are dependent on non-linear time dependencies associated with molar quantities.

Conceptually, this unit represents the interaction of a process’s duration (squared to emphasize time-acceleration or delay effects) with the scale of participating particles or substances (moles). It may help describe systems where the rate of change of molar accumulation or depletion is not linear with respect to time, or where higher-order kinetic effects need to be analyzed over longer reaction profiles.

Applications may include:

  • Nonlinear chemical kinetics: modeling delayed onset or prolonged accumulation effects.
  • Quantum chemistry: exploring energy-matter interactions under time-squared perturbations.
  • Stochastic molecular systems: describing diffusion or reaction probabilities over non-linear time scales.

Though rarely used explicitly in conventional literature, s²·mol provides valuable dimensional structure for simulations, symbolic derivations, and speculative systems where chemical quantities evolve through second-order temporal processes.

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Thrux (thrux)

Formula: m² / s³
Category: Motion

Thrux (m²/s³)

Thrux is a derived unit representing the rate of energy flow through space over time, with dimensions of meters squared per second cubed (m²/s³). It is not defined as a ratio of other units (like watt per kilogram), but as a primary dimensional structure: a measure of how intensely energy is spatially propagated over time.

1 Thrux = 1 m² / s³

Although it shares the same unit dimensions as specific power (W/kg), Thrux is conceptually distinct. Specific power is a descriptive term — ā€œpower per massā€ — whereas Thrux gives a physical identity to the structure itself. It emerges directly in systems where spatial energy intensity evolves independently of mass, making it a true second-order physical quantity.

Thrux is particularly useful in domains such as:

  • Propulsion systems – Capturing energy output spread through space per second (independent of engine mass)
  • Aerospace and drone design – Evaluating thrust intensity and efficiency at the spatial-temporal level
  • Biomechanics – Describing the rate of metabolic energy release across body systems
  • Wavefront physics – Quantifying how quickly field energy is spatially deployed

The name Thrux combines thrust and flux, emphasizing its role as a measure of energetic directionality over area and time. It captures how aggressively energy unfolds across space — regardless of mass — making it a universal language for energetic tempo.

Summary

Thrux (m²/s³) emerges as a foundational descriptor of how systems express energy spatially through time. It is not dependent on mass — rather, when multiplied by mass, it yields power (W). When multiplied by time, it describes specific energy growth. And when multiplied by velocity, it implies a force-driven energy throughput.

A recurring structure appears in physics in the form: (mn) / (sn+1). Thrux fits exactly where n = 2:

  • n = 1: m/s² → Acceleration
  • n = 2: m²/s³ → Thrux
  • n = 3: m³/s⁓ → Higher-order energetic propagation (e.g., volumetric field flux acceleration)

This dimensional series suggests a deeper physical law: as spatial power increases, temporal resolution sharpens. Thrux sits at the critical threshold — the first step where energy extends across area instead of line, and time constrains it at a third-order rate. This makes Thrux a unique bridge between force-based dynamics and continuous energetic expression.

In essence, Thrux gives a name to the unnamed — a structure that has long existed in physics under descriptions like ā€œspecific powerā€ or ā€œenergy flow rate per kg,ā€ but never before recognized as a standalone unit. Now, with a name, it becomes a tool — for measurement, for design, and for new understanding.

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Voltronic Impulse Force (voltronic_impulse_force)

Formula: kgm3 / sfifth_amp
Category: Electromechanical

Voltronic Impulse Force (VIF) expresses the volumetric impulse delivered per unit electric current over deep temporal scales, with dimensions of kgĀ·m³·s⁻⁵·A⁻¹. Conceptually, VIF represents how a rapid, volume‐distributed mechanical impulse transduces into an electromagnetic response when channeled through a conductive medium. Marked as undiscovered, investigating VIF could reveal:

  • Volumetric Piezoelectric Coupling: How pressure waves filling a volume generate current spikes proportional to VIF.
  • Impulse‐Driven Energy Harvesting: Harvesting mechanical shock energy from bulk materials via electromechanical transduction.
  • Metamaterial Impact Sensors: Designing 3D‐structured composites that convert volumetric force pulses into tailored voltage outputs.
  • Transient Electromechanical Resonances: Uncovering new resonance modes in solids where rapid volumetric stress interacts with charge carriers.
  • Shock‐Wave Signal Encoding: Encoding information in mechanical impulses that is decoded as current signatures through VIF‐based transducers.

Dimension: M·L³·T⁻⁵·I⁻¹ (kg·m³/s⁵·A).

Voltronic Impulse Force (VIF) can also be approached as a metric of volumetric force‐to‐current efficiency over rapid events. Beyond its core definition, VIF suggests:

  • Bulk Magnetoelastic Interactions: Predicting how sudden pressure within a ferromagnetic volume induces transient magnetization currents.
  • 3D Electromechanical Waveguides: Guiding stress pulses through conductive lattices to generate shaped electrical impulses defined by VIF.
  • Impulse‐Current Reciprocity Relations: Formulating new reciprocal theorems linking volumetric force input and electrical output in anisotropic media.
  • High‐Rate Acoustic Transducers: Designing devices that convert underwater shock waves into electrical signals with efficiency scaled by VIF.
  • Volumetric Piezoelectric Metrology: Calibrating three‐dimensional sensor arrays whose response functions depend explicitly on VIF for precise spatial mapping.
  • Nonlinear Electromechanical Stability: Analyzing how rapid, volume‐distributed impacts push systems into dynamic regimes governed by higher‐order coupling.

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